The Global Gazetteer

Commercial gazetteer with about 2.5 million names with additional geographic and demographic data. A product designed by Knowledge Computing co. (UK) for ALLM Systems & Marketing England (UK).
http://www.knowledge.co.uk/geodata/

GNS: GEOnet Names Server

Global searchable database set up by the National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA), US. Foreign place names as approved by the US Board of Geographic Names, other name variants. Approx. 3.3 million entries
http://164.214.2.59/gns/html/

GeoNative

Luistxo Fernandez lists place names from all over the world in minority languages, which usually never appear in maps. [Basque and English].
http://www.geocities.com/Athens/9479/

The Global Gazetteer

3.5 million place names in a commercial gazetteer (not to be consulted online, but to be purchased). Latitude/longitude, population, postcodes, administrative areas. Also some 40,000 ports and airports. Developed by ALLM Systems & Marketing.
http://www.allm-geodata.com/

Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names

Compiled by the Getty Research Institute, TGN is a structured vocabulary developed primarily for the field of art history, but can be used in any in many other applications. The thesaurus contains nearly 1 million place names representing approximately 90
http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/tgn/index.html

Place Names Servers on the Internet

A collection of links by Arizona State University.
http://www.asu.edu/lib/hayden/govdocs/maps/geogname.htm

World Gazetteer by ESRI

Enter a city, country or river name for which to search. ESRI stands for Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc.
http://maps.esri.com/scripts/esrimap.dll?name=gaz_avd&cmd=start

International Alternative Country Names

A list of names for existing countries and some regions and islands that differ from the standard international and/or English nomenclatures.
http://www1.tip.nl/~t100878/altname.htm

A Political World Gazetteer

An outline of the world's political divisions, organized by continent, nation, national subdivision, and further geographic areas.
http://www.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gazindx.html

UNGEGN

United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names. Contains information and resolutions on the issue of place names.
http://unstats.un.org/unsd/geoinfo/about_us.htm

BC Geographical Names

Government site lists geographical naming principles and policy, how to propose a geographical name, access to the BC Geographical Names Information System (BCGNIS), links to BC-history/related sites, and to toponymy sites.
http://srmwww.gov.bc.ca/bcnames/